Key Facts
Facts About Pitbulls
There are many misconceptions about dogs labeled as "pitbulls," often stemming from anecdotal accounts, unreliable statistics, and misleading claims from non-scientific sources. Contrary to these misconceptions, pitbulls have proven to be valued canine companions — excelling as service animals, therapy dogs, K9 police dogs, and, most commonly, family pets. They are also known for their excellent temperament, and studies consistently show they are no more aggressive than other breeds.
The following facts, supported by scientific research and expert consensus, help dispel common misconceptions that — despite being widely debunked — unfortunately still appear in media coverage and online discussions.
True
Pitbull-type breeds as a group are among the most popular dogs in the U.S.
True
The breeds included in the pitbull-type category consistently score high in temperament evaluations.
True
In recent years, more than 80 different breeds and mixed breeds have been involved in fatal dog attacks.
False
Pitbulls have the most powerful bite, a "locking jaw," and are more aggressive than other breeds.
False
Breed-specific legislation (BSL) that bans dogs based solely on their breed improves public safety.
False
A dog's breed determines its level of aggression, bite strength, and likelihood to bite.
Pitbull-Type Breeds
Breeds & the Pitbull Label
- While the American Pit Bull Terrier is a formally recognized breed, "pitbull" is an umbrella term loosely used to describe medium-sized, short-haired dogs with physical features typical of various terrier and bully-type breeds.
- By DNA, four distinct breeds are commonly included in the modern pitbull-type category: the American Pit Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, Staffordshire Bull Terrier, and American Bully.
- Pitbulls are among the most popular dogs in the U.S., estimated to make up approximately 20% of the total dog population.
Breed-Specific Risk
Aggression & Bites
- In controlled studies, no differences in aggression were observed between pitbulls and control groups that included other breeds, such as Golden Retrievers.
- Pitbulls do not have "locking" jaws or the most powerful bite — scientific studies and veterinary experts have thoroughly disproven these misconceptions.
- The severity of bites from pitbulls is comparable to that of other breeds of similar size and strength, including Dobermans, German Shepherds, Huskies, Mastiffs, and Rottweilers.
Dog Bite-Related Statistics
Statistics
- Since 2016, more than 80 different breeds and mixes have been involved in fatal dog attacks in the U.S. — confirming that serious dog bite-related incidents are not limited to any one breed.
- Mixed-breed dogs lead in fatalities, accounting for nearly 60% of fatal attacks — a key reason why breed-specific legislation (BSL) is ineffective, as serious dog bite incidents involve a wide range of breeds, not just those commonly targeted by these laws.
- 84% of fatal dog attacks involve dogs that aren't neutered or spayed. Intact dogs are associated with higher rates of aggression.
Breed-Specific Behavior
Temperament
- While all dogs are individuals, the unique breeds commonly included in the pitbull-type category consistently achieve excellent temperament scores — ranking in the top 20% of all breeds tested.
- Generally, pitbulls are intelligent, energetic, eager to please, and respond well to training — no different from many other breeds.
- Pitbulls excel as service dogs, therapy animals, and K9 police dogs — and they are beloved family members in millions of U.S. households.
Scientific Research
Studies
- Contrary to unreliable claims about breed-specific risk, the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and numerous studies have determined that a dog's breed does not determine aggression, bite strength, or propensity to bite.
- Research has shown that bite strength is directly related to a dog's overall size and strength — not its breed. Additionally, no studies have found that any specific breed is inherently more dangerous than others.
- Only 9% of a dog's behavior is attributable to breed, confirming that breed has a minimal impact on behavior.
Animal Control & Public Safety
Breed-Specific Legislation
- Breed-specific legislation (BSL) bans dogs based on appearance or breed, but studies show it's ineffective and does not improve public safety. It's opposed by experts, including the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), National Animal Care & Control Association (NACA), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
- Research shows breed-neutral laws are more effective, as they address all dangerous dogs and irresponsible owners — regardless of breed.
- Since 2018, over 100 cities have repealed BSL. Voters have too: Denver, CO (2020) and Springfield, MO (2018) repealed bans with 66% and 68% support.